ELS Townhall — April 2026
Our Purpose

Why We
Are Doing
This

Creating Livelihoods and Jobs at Scale

"No one should be left behind in India's growth story"
500M+
Indians in the Informal Economy
Hundreds of millions of workers lack stable income, job security, and social protection. The vast majority are rural, female, or from marginalised communities — left behind by mainstream economic growth.

Our Goal

Generate Sustainable Livelihoods & Jobs. We work to unlock dignified, income-generating opportunities for women, rural communities, and nano-entrepreneurs — creating jobs that are sustainable, scalable, and locally rooted.

Livelihoods at scale

Where We Focus

Rural farming community
Women entrepreneurs
Regenerative agriculture

Cutting Across All Three

Structure, Skill & Informality

Labour Force Participation Rate

59%
Male
30.7%
Female

Employment by Sector

Primary Sector
Self-employed 81% Regular 1.2% Casual 17.9%
Secondary Sector
Self-employed 28.7% Regular 26.8% Casual 44.5%
Tertiary Sector
Self-employed 44.3% Regular 51.4% Casual 4.3%

Skill Landscape

IT-ITeS, textiles, handloom, and apparel together account for nearly 45% of all training. About a third of all skilled individuals are trained in IT-ITeS alone.

22%

of skilled individuals are outside the labour force

8%

remain unemployed despite training

The Challenges We Address

Farmer Income

Creating stable income sources for rural households. Strengthen rural non-farm livelihoods by building market linkages and reviving FPOs and SHGs.

Nano-Entrepreneurs & Small Businesses

Empowering nano-entrepreneurs through market access, digital and technological skilling, financial inclusion, and institutional support to generate jobs at scale via SRLMs and SHGs.

Soil Health

Improving soil quality and fertility for sustainable farming and enquiring carbon sequestration potential.

Non-Farm Income

Strengthening rural non-farm livelihoods by building robust market linkages and reviving Farmer Producer Organisations and Self-Help Groups.

Cross-Cutting Themes

Women's Participation

Raising women's participation in the labour force.

Skill Development

Driving systemic change in India's skill development model.

Traditional Sectors

Integrating traditional sectors in conventional market systems.

Soil & Carbon

Assessing carbon sequestration potential alongside sustainable farming.

The Case for Acting Now

Rural India

60%+

Self-employed rural workers

10-year window to build dignified livelihoods (PLFS 2023–24)

42%

Rural women — unpaid family workers

Women are ready to enter the workforce; now is the time to act (PLFS)

~65%

Rural workers in low-value agriculture

Moving them into better work is this decade's defining task

Urban India

~50%

Urban workers in regular salaried roles

Yet over half lack written contracts and social security

>50%

Without job security benefits

Among salaried employees — pointing to deep informality (PLFS 2023–24)

10yr

Window to act

Before AI & automation pressures on white-collar jobs compound

The Structural Implication

A structural shift from primary to tertiary sectors is happening — but too slowly to absorb India's workforce surge. The priority: faster movement into productive non-farm work and better wage-job growth. The Paradox — deep informality persists even in salaried urban roles, while AI and automation now threaten white-collar jobs too.

Previous Work

Ministry of MSME

Challenges and Opportunities for Women-Owned MSMEs — Focus on Policy Support Mechanism

In-depth examination of barriers and enablers for women-owned micro and small enterprises.

DelhiRajasthan
Gates Foundation

Female Entrepreneurship & MSME Employment

Comprehensive study on female entrepreneurship across six states, examining ecosystems and employment outcomes.

ChhattisgarhGujaratMaharashtra OdishaTamil NaduUttar Pradesh
CSR Project

Challenges and Opportunities for Tribal Women Entrepreneurs in MSMEs

Focused research on tribal women entrepreneurs navigating the informal MSME sector.

ChhattisgarhJharkhand
MUFG

Conception Report on Regenerative Farming: Is It The Way Forward for Agriculture in India?

Foundational research on the potential for regenerative farming practices to transform Indian agriculture.

Gujarat

Research Insights: Informing Our Strategic Pillars

90%

of micro enterprises in craft clusters have never accessed formal credit — informal borrowing remains the only route

4%

of scheme-aware entrepreneurs actually benefited from any government scheme. Awareness exists; access does not

$1.7T

estimated credit gap facing informal and micro enterprises in India, driven by collateral requirements and lender bias

94%

of surveyed artisan units want to grow — informality and stagnation are products of structural friction, not lack of ambition

62%

cite complex procedures as the primary reason for not accessing schemes; corruption and middlemen follow closely

30%

use any form of digital bookkeeping — UPI adoption is high but financial management skills remain very weak

1%

of surveyed enterprises export directly — nearly all remain confined to local or domestic markets

4

Strategic pillars: Financial Inclusion, Skill Development, Market Access, Policy & Institutional Support

How This Informs Our Approach
🏦

Financial Inclusion

Collateral requirements, thin credit histories, and lender bias create near-total exclusion of micro producers from institutional finance — pushing them into costly informal borrowing.

💡

Skill / Tech Development

Training pipelines are weak and rarely connect to employment or markets. Digital literacy gaps mean most artisans can transact digitally but cannot manage, price, or sell digitally.

🛒

Market Access

Cluster-based producers remain locked in local markets, excluded from organised retail, public procurement, and export channels. Supply chain positioning is at the lowest-value rung.

🏛️

Policy & Institutional Support

A wide architecture of schemes exists but last-mile delivery consistently fails. Procedural complexity and poor DIC outreach leave most artisans outside the system entirely.

Ongoing & Upcoming Projects

Phase II research deepening our understanding of regenerative farming, soil health, and livelihood outcomes.

MUFG — Phase II

Regenerative Farming: Is It the Way Forward for Agriculture in India?

📍 Gujarat

Household-level data on land use and socio-economic parameters; field testing for soil, water, and crop parameters with ICRISAT.

OutcomeFarm-level income mapping and soil health/carbon sequestration assessment.
Diageo

Impact Assessment of Afforestation in Alwar, Rajasthan FY25–26

📍 Alwar, Rajasthan

Household surveys on livelihood opportunities; monitoring afforestation site health; soil testing with ICAR, New Delhi.

OutcomeIncome pattern mapping and soil health/groundwater contamination assessment.
NMNF-IIFSR Modipuram

Enhancing Soil Health and Carbon Sequestration through Natural Farming

📍 Madhya Pradesh

Household data on land use and carbon sequestration potential; soil testing with ICRISAT under natural farming systems across agro-climatic zones.

OutcomeFarm income dynamics and soil carbon sequestration potential.
BCI — Upcoming Phase III

Status of Soil Health of BCI Licensed Farmers in India

📍 Punjab · Maharashtra · Andhra Pradesh · Karnataka · Gujarat · Rajasthan · Telangana

Field testing for soil components with ICRISAT across 7 states covering BCI cotton farmers.

OutcomeSoil carbon sequestration potential of BCI cotton farmers.
Proposed Collaboration

PIF × ICAR-IARI: Adaptive Natural Farming Project

"Adaptive natural farming for preventing nutrient mining, enhancing climate resilience, and improving economic feasibility for large-scale farmer adoption"

PIF RoleEvaluate economic viability, ecosystem service payments, and carbon credit potential. Lead economic and livelihood impact assessment.
MethodologyRandomised Control Trial (RCT) with longitudinal tracking across diverse agroclimatic zones.
ICAR-IARI RoleLead technical interventions for natural farming implementation. Provide agronomic expertise and field trial management.

Outcome of Our Work

Our strategy aims to drive systemic, scalable change across livelihoods and agriculture.

👩‍💼

Women's Livelihoods

Improve women's livelihood and income opportunities by strengthening participation in viable enterprise ecosystems.

📋

Formalisation

Enable transition from informal activity to formal micro-enterprise through registration, financial readiness, and market integration.

🏺

Traditional Sectors

Strengthen traditional sectors through improved productivity, enterprise formalisation, and better access to conventional and digital markets.

🌱

Agriculture Impact

Assess carbon sequestration potential of Indian soils, regenerative farming's role in raising farmer incomes, and allied sector livelihood diversification.

OUR TEAM

Chairperson

Executive Director

Distinguished Fellow

Distinguished Fellow

Assistant Director - Programs and Fellow

Associate Fellow

Senior Research Associate

Research Associate

Research Associate

Research Associate

Reports

Driving Influence through Op-eds